Метафора и символизм в раннем творчестве Федерико Гарсии Лорки

The article deals with the metaphor and its role in relation to artistic prose and poetic works in the early poems of Federico Garcia Lorca. An attempt is made to study the reasons for using metaphors and symbolism as a way of expressing the writer’s attitude to the protagonists of his works. In the article on the example of the Spanish south, in particular, the Spanish province of Andalusia, its image is viewed through the prism of color in capturing unique information about the characteristics of Spanish culture, understanding the picture of the world, and the features of artistic vision. Th e semantic approach has been applied to analyse Lorca’s metafors. It is revealed that the metaphor att aches to the artistic image, the emotional expressiveness and saturation laid by the author, associativity and symbolism – depth, expressiveness, clarity, unambiguity, availability of semantic content. Based on the analysis of numerous examples from the early works of Federico García Lorca, it was concluded that the decoding of the metaphor is one of the elements of the expression plane that allows one to understand the conceptual meaning of a work of art. Particular att ention is paid to the fact that in the poetry of Federico García Lorca, the metaphor is one of the main expressive means and its decoding is an essential element for understanding the poetic work.